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Water treatment process

💧 Water treatment process consists of 5 steps 1. Coagulation / Flocculation Raw water from the reservoir is directed into the mixing tank at the treatment plant. Alum, polymers, lime, and sometimes carbon dioxide are added. This process causes small particles to clump together, forming larger particles. 2. Sedimentation The larger particles gradually become heavier and settle at the bottom of the sedimentation tank. From there, they are removed from the water source. 3. Filtration The water is filtered through layers of filter media such as sand, activated carbon, or a sand–carbon combination. Purpose: To remove suspended particles, reduce turbidity, and make the water clearer and cleaner. When the filter media become saturated, they need to be replaced to ensure efficiency. 4. Disinfection A disinfectant (commonly chlorine) is added to eliminate bacteria, viruses, and any remaining microorganisms. The amount of disinfectant is carefully controlled to maintain water quality throughout the entire distribution system. Additionally, fluoride (naturally present in water) is also adjusted to safe levels. 5. Corrosion Control Stable pH levels are maintained by adding alkaline substances. This helps minimize corrosion in the distribution system and household or business pipelines.